mankind America not only won the space race against the Soviet Union they were
given extraterrestrial bragging rights however fresh Revelations following a shocking admission by SpaceX CEO Elon
Musk might cast a huge Shadow on everything we know about the moonlanding
what did Elon Musk say and have we been lied to well let's find out in the early
hours of July 20th 1969 the world witnessed the Apollo 2 rocket literally
shoot itself to the Moon 7 months earlier Apollo 8 astronauts Frank Borman
Jim Lovel and Bill Anders had left Earth's orbit Bound for the moon unfortunately despite orbiting the moon
10 times over 20 hours they never landed nevertheless it was several steps in the right direction and when 7 months later
Apollo 11 accomplished what they had almost achieved it felt worth it one giant leap for mankind the journey from
the Earth to the moon's surface was incredibly tricky for both the crew and the rocket that hosted them the journey
took 4 days 6 hours and 45 minutes and it somehow landed 4 miles away from its
intended site but this journey shouldn't have happened on the 25th of May 1961
president JF Kennedy asked Congress to send Americans to the moon but at the time NASA had no Rockets to launch
astronauts and no computer portable enough to guide a spaceship to the Moon there was not even a space suit to begin
with to make matters worse the time period was incredibly unrealistic at the time NASA had to train astronauts for
the harsh conditions of the Moon surface mind you these were conditions that none of them had ever experienced so there
was a huge margin for error they also had to build a spaceship to land astronauts on the surface and a car-like
vehicle that would Aid Transportation on the moon's surface they also had to create a network of tracking stations
here on Earth and could communicate with the astronauts over massive distance es how massive the distance between Earth
and the Moon is 384,000 KM which is about 200,000 plus miles between May
1961 and July 1969 NASA did The Impossible they did not only build the
spaceship but they also got Humanity to the moon but those 8 years the journey
from promise to fulfillment has been a bitter subject of debate and today a considerable amount of the American
population believe the moon landing was a hoax some conspiracy theorists reference the absence of stars in the
pictures taken by the Apollo Astronauts from the surface of the Moon as proof that it was faked others have also made
claims that the famous American flag that can be seen in the moon landing videos waves it shouldn't wave if it is
the void of space they say and they might have a point in addition to these claims some believe that the mission was
virtually impossible because of the Van Allen radiation belts in the magnetosphere the magnetosphere is the
area surrounding a planet that is dominated by the planet's magnetic field and while other planets in our solar
system have magnetospheres Earth has the strongest one of all the rocky planets because it's essential to our planet's
habitability the Earth's magnetosphere absorbs high energy radiation particles and protects the planet from solar
storms and solar wind which are more harmful to people than x-rays used to diagnose cancer or see fractured bones
Beyond low earth orbit two radiation bands called the Van Allen belt which encircle the Earth like huge donuts are
created from these trapped particles the Inner Belt is the consequence of interactions between cosmic rays and
Earth's atmosphere while the outer belt is composed of billions of high energy particles that come from the Sun as such
it is virtually impossible to pass through these belts without being exposed to fatal radiation doses as
valid as these theories sound they have long been disproved scientifically however there is still one more card
that Skeptics throw with the Apollo moon mission and it is the fact that Humanity hasn't been able to send a person there
since 1972 after Apollo 11 astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldren landed on the
moon 10 other astronauts followed suit but none since 1972 and with the United
States spending $25.8 billion on Project Apollo between 1960 and
1973 many questioned why the United States hasn't been able to send more people ever since this is the same sent
that SpaceX CEO Elon Musk echoed when he appeared on the full send podcast he
went further to describe the 1969 Apollo 11 moon landing Mission as an anomalous
situation the fact that we are able to go to the moon in 1969 was such an
anomalous situation he said it was like reaching into the future and bringing the technology
forward the tech billionaire argued that while landing on the moon at the time was an unparalleled accomplishment
failing to return decades later renders the Apollo Mission meaningless or even a disappointment I kept expecting that we
would continue beyond Apollo 11 that we would have a base on the moon that we would be sending people to Mars and that
by 2019 probably would be sending people to the moons of Jupiter and I think actually if you asked most people in
1969 they would have expected that and here we are in 2019 the US actually does
not have the ability to send people even to low earth orbit so year after year I keep expecting us to exceed Apollo and
we didn't and it made me sad about the Future these were musk's words on the
podcast the Tesla CEO emphasized that this pace of technological advancement
is unacceptable because the Technologies we currently possess are significantly greater and that's why conspiracy
theorists have been discrediting the Apollo Mission and the moon landing interestingly Elon actually believes
that the Apollo mission was essential to the existence of SpaceX because the World saw an unprecedented period of
technological innovation during the space mission he claimed that the moon landing actually ushered in the digital
age rather than the space age he gave the example of integrated circuits the first computer chips utilized in the
computers that flew the Apollo Command Module and the Apollo lunar module despite the fact that IBM America's
leading tech company at the time decided against using them in the company's computers in the early 1960s NASA
demanded integrated circuits and its insistence on their near Flawless designs helped create the World Market
for microchips this is why Elon is fixated on ushering in the space age he
has been working with NASA to dismantle people's doubts about the moon landing by sending a man to the Moon NASA wants
to send astronauts back to the Moon by 2024 and SpaceX has been helping to develop a human Landing system hls for
the NASA Artemis moon mission this collaboration came after the billionaire was awarded a 2.9 billion doll contract
by the space agency as part of the agreement SpaceX will construct a variant of its Starship rocket that Elon
plans to send to Mars the Starship is a groundbreaking spacecraft that will launch astronauts farther into space and
for less money per launch than our current Falcon Vehicles the Starship by virtue of its design is taller than the
Statue of Liberty and is not only capable of firing at least 31 engines at once but it can also transport up to 150
metric tons of reusable cargo and up to 250 metric tons of expendable cargo musk
has said that it is capable of putting 100 tons of payload on the moon you could essentially build a moon base with
a Starship SpaceX will also construct another version of the spacecraft for the Artemis 3 and four missions later in
the decade which would send more astronauts to the lunar surface NASA's Artemis program consists of multiple
missions to the moon's orbit and surface in the years ahead and now NASA intends to use this upcoming Artemis mission to
send astronauts beyond the Van Allen belts to land on the South Pole of the Moon and eventually on Mars the space
mission would help in understanding the effects on life outside the Van Allen belts moreover the research would help
identify which crops to grow on the moon alternative sources of fuel and ways to
maintain crew health during extended exposure to the harsh conditions of space outside the Van Allen belt
protective layers in any case musk appears to believe his company SpaceX will revolutionize space exploration as
well as endorse the authenticity of the moon landing the moon will come first then Elon plans to conquer Mars he has
said it time and time again he wants Humanity to be a multiplanetary species
unfortunately there are significant challenges that this endeavor to send humans back to the Moon must overcome
the whole development of the Starship in musk's estimation would cost around $5 billion and so far the NASA contracts
haven't done much to help the costly project the mission competes with other NASA priorities such as climate change
Earth Science and Space Station operation and each of these sectors has a specific set of goals that cannot be
abandoned in favor of another lunar Landing aside from that the lunar project has struggled politically in
recent years due to the Divergent plans and commitments of the various administrations take for example NASA's
emis program was announced by President Donald Trump's Administration with former US vice president Mike Pence
even announcing the version for a 2024 launch date for Artemis unfortunately significant roadblocks have appeared
during President Joe Biden's Administration prompting NASA's own Inspector General to state in a recent
report that lunar Landing in late 2024 as NASA currently plans is not feasible
this office of the Inspector General report claims that the agency faces significant challenges in producing its
next Generation spacit technology by November 2024 the report noted that its
schedule included approximately a 20mon delay in delivery for the plan design verification and testing suit two
qualification suits an ISS demo suit and two lunar flight suits the report went
on to say that the delays are the result of funding shortfalls covid-19 impacts and Technical challenges and as a result
Artemis wouldn't be ready for flight until April 2025 at the earliest with several components of the
schedule anticipated to be delayed by at least two years interestingly despite these rumors musk admitted on Twitter
that SpaceX will put people on the moon before 2024 and it seems that we are on
track to send people back to the Moon several decades after the last time on November 16th 2022 the first major space
flight of NASA's Artemis program Artemis 1 was launched marking NASA's return to the lunar exploration five decades after
the conclusion of the Apollo program this Mission which was the first integrated flight test of the Orion
Space craft and space launch system or SLS rocket helped reestablish human presence on the moon as ATT tested Orion
in the harsh environment of deep space before flying astronauts on Artemis 2 Orion traveled over 270,000 mi from
Earth during the mission more than 1,000 times farther than the distance the International Space Station orbits the
globe Orion also completed two lunar flybys passing within 80 Mi of the lunar
surface on each occasion it broke the previous Mark for the greatest distance traveled by a human carrying vehicle set
by Apollo 13 in addition Orion spent more time in orbit than any other spacecraft made for astronauts has
without docking to a space station in any case NASA is scheduled to perform a crude lunar flyby in 2024 with the next
one after Artemis 3 anticipated to involve a crew moon landing the first crewed Orion mpcv spacecraft for Artemis
2 will carry four humans into a lunar flyby for a maximum of 21 days using the
space space launch systems block one version the Orion spacecraft will be launched into a high Earth orbit and
will last for around 42 hours the crew will use the expanded interim cryogenic
propulsion stage or icps as a Target to demonstrate in space Rendevous and
proximity operations during which time they will evaluate various aspects of the spacecraft's life support systems in
any case the crew members for the Artemis 2 have been announced including the first woman the first person of
color and the first non American to travel Beyond low earth orbit while many conspiracy theorists might continue to
doubt the authenticity of the Apollo Mission um because we've seen no sign of
them no a lot of people think they've seen signs of aliens if I see the slightest indication that there are
aliens I will immediately post on the next platform yeah anything I know I I hope there there is and I hope they're
peaceful uh obviously the two important characteristics um but um I'm just
saying we we haven't seen anything yet the quest begins Elon Musk delves into
the Intriguing question are aliens real as he charts a course to expand human
consciousness a lot of people ask me you know um where are the aliens and I I
think if if anyone would know about aliens on Earth it would probably be
me my religion for for like of a better word is is one of curiosity um where
want to expand the scope and scale of Consciousness um on Earth and beyond Earth and ultimately to other star
systems Elon Musk contemplates the miraculous timing of human consciousness
a phenomenon that emerged after 4 and A2 billion years of evolution and moreover
uh human consciousness only arose after 4 and a half billion years so took a long
time and if it had taken even 10% longer it probably would not have evolved because the sun is expanding expanding
as the sun expands it'll uh start heating Earth and Earth will the oceans
will evaporate we become more like Venus inhospitable to life a cosmic imperative
Elon urges Humanity to multiply conscious beings driving the need for technological advancement and a
civilization beyond Earth and in order to do that we need to increase the number of conscious beings um and we
need to advance technology uh such that we can have a self-sustaining sitting on on Mars um ultimately perate the whole
solar system and then go beyond uh our solar system to other star systems and
therefore we need more humans very simple armed with Cutting
Edge technology Elon envisions a future where we transcend the boundaries of Earth propelling civilization into the
cosmos so I think we may have made we may have achieved Consciousness um or
conscious that's cap for of developing technology uh just in time um I find it remarkable that we are
at this point in history where we're able for the first time to go beyond
Earth the urgency is now Elon Musk advocates for making life multiplanetary
an ambitious goal that aligns with space X's groundbreaking Endeavors I think we want to get that done as soon as
possible um the window for the window of opportunity to make life multiplanetary
and secure the future of of Consciousness may be open for a long time or it may be open for a short time
I think it would be wise to not not assume that it'll be open for a long time see and act now to act now to make
life multiplanetary witness the birth of the vehicle that changes everything Space X Pioneers the creation of the
first ever spacecraft capable of making life multiplanetary we also we we sent people
to the moon in the early '70s but not have since not gone back but with the
Starship rocket that SpaceX is developing had two test flights we'll have many more this year that that
vehicle is designed to make life multiplanetary it's the first vehicle that that is capable of doing that a
permanent base on the moon and a city on Mars in elon's belief system the Crux
lies in expanding the scale of Consciousness even as the age-old question of extraterrestrial life
remains unanswered so you know with with that philosophy in mind the purpose of that philosophy is
is that is that the the more we expand the scope and scale of Consciousness the
more we are able to understand the reality that we live in the nature of the universe um and and uh to to answer
the questions that we have and uh perhaps more importantly to know what questions we are not asking as Douglas
Adams would say in H IUS got to the Galaxy that the answer is the easy part the question is the hard part you know
answer is 42 what's the question so so I I think that's a pretty optimistic
positive philosophy um also has a lot of room for other beliefs if you want to
add them to you know but but but the the fundamental TS of my belief structure are expand the skap expand the scale of
Consciousness u mean more more people um I guess more computers too to the degree
that they arec conscious uh and uh we want to pass through U
the uh one of the great filters that uh you know you f with the F Paradox and
the great filters no okay so enrio FY great amazing physicist uh posed a very
simple question um he said um I have seen no evidence whatsoever of aliens so
it's a troubling question why why not um so one of the answers perhaps the most
likely answer is that uh we're it um that the tiny the tiny candle of
Consciousness that constitutes Humanity uh is all that there is in this
vast darkness and I think we we should assume that that is the case until we
actually affirm evidence to the contrary Elon Musk a self-professed skeptic
admits to having not seen evidence of aliens challenging the prevailing narratives of extraterrestrial existence
a lot of people have asked me if I've seen any evidence of aliens and I've haven't which is kind of concerning
because then I think would I probably preferred at least have seen some archaological evidence of aliens um to the best of my
knowledge there is no Pro I not worth any evidence of aliens the out there they're very
subtle we might just be the only Consciousness at least in the galaxy the alien conundrum deepens as Elon
emphasizes the absence of concrete proof for the existence of Consciousness beyond our planet and it could be as
little as on the galactic time scale uh half a billion
years you know long time by human standards but that's only 10% longer
than Earth has been around at all mhm so if if life had taken 10% longer to
evolve on Earth it wouldn't exist at all could be the most liked reposted post of
all time yeah I mean look we have more satellites up there right now than everyone else combined so you know we'd
know we know if we've got to maneuver around something and we not I don't have to maneuver around anything reflecting
on the fragility of life's emergence Elon Musk posits that if Earth's evolution had deviated by a mere 10%
life might not exist at all people sometimes take the fact that like we're here on Earth for granted you know and
that there's the Consciousness is just a you know a normal thing that happens but to the best of my knowledge we see no
evidence of uh conscious uh life
anywhere uh anywhere in the universe so it might be there um you know physics
they call sort of the FY Paradox after when enrio fo's amazing physicist asked
the fundamental question where are the aliens yeah um yes I'm not saying that we are unique I'm simply stating to the
best of my knowledge that there is no evidence for other cons life you know very familiar with
space stuff um and I've seen no evidence of aliens so I would I would immediately
tweet you know tweet it out this says splitz that be like that would be like all time probably a tough tweet of all
time I found one guys it's a jackpot this some 8 billion
likes if you look at say the history of Earth for to believe the archaeological record Earth is about 4 and half billi
milon years old civilization as measured from the first writing is only about
5,000 years old G gives some credit there to the ancient samarians who aren't around anymore I think it was a
archaic pre uniform was the first actual symbolic representation but only about
5,000 years ago I think that's a good date for when
we say civilization started that's 1 millionth of Earth's
existence so civilization has been around it's really a flash in the pan
M I have yet to see act any actual evidence of of aliens so and I'm really
deep in space yeah so um yeah uh I I mean if if if there is
some actual evidence of aliens or an actual UFO I'll be there in a second you know I mean obviously when you know it's
like we talking here like is it a UFO is advanced technology I mean that would
be very very interesting um and hopefully they're friendly uh if they
manag to get all the way here from another star system I mean their technology is going to be far in excess I mean we're we'll be primitive compared
to them you know so um but I also think like if if there aren't aliens or that
that's actually have even a bigger concern because um if there actually
aren't aliens in our galaxy or any near us then effectively uh this Consciousness this
Consciousness on planet Earth is um the light of Consciousness is like it's a a
tiny candle in a vast Darkness um and a fragile candle and we
should just do everything we can to make sure it does not go [Music] out why did it take so long for you know
1 and half billion years um for the vast majority that's time
there was no life and and then there was archaic bacteria for a very long time and
then you know you had mitochondria get captured
multicellular life um differentiation into plants and
animals life moving from the oceans to land mammals um higher brain
functions and the Sun is expanding slowly um
but it it will it will overheat it will it will heat heat the Earth up it's some
point in the future um boil the oceans and and Earth will become like Venus
where no life let Life as we know it is impossible so if we do not become
multiplanetary and ultimately go beyond our solar system um
annihilation of all life on Earth is a certainty a certainty
I just think we should not assume that Civilization is robust um and if you if
you look at the history uh of civilizations the rise and fall of the ancient Egyptians the ancient
samarians um Rome you know there's uh throughout the world there've been rise
and fall of many civilizations um so there there's an arc there sort of a life sort of a a life cycle Arc to to
civilizations just as there is to to individual humans yes and
um and I think we just want to make sure that that you know uh we we have
civilization go onward and upward um and uh that's for example why I'm concerned about decreasing birth rates and and um
the fact that for example Japan had twice as many last year as
births if we are able to go out there and explore other star systems that we there's a good chance we find a whole
bunch of long one One Planet civilizations yeah they never made it past their home planet I mean there are
very explanations for the for me Paradox and one is just the sort of there're these great filters which civilizations
don't pass through and one of those great filters is do you become a multiplet civilization or not and if you
don't it's simply a matter of time before something happens on your planet um you know either natural or
man-made that causes us to count like the dinosaurs where are they
now they didn't have spaceships I think we want to like I
said expand the scope and scale of Consciousness U you both biological and digital and
ultimately go out become a multiplet species become an Interstellar species
visit these other star systems and and maybe we do meet Aliens um or maybe we
visit these various star systems and we see well here's an alien civilization that lasted 10 million years um and did
incredible things and then ultimately potentially mhm um I mean I think we we
could find there a whole bunch that there's a whole bunch of of uh one planet civilizations never got beyond
the home planet I think the smart move uh is just
you know this is the first time in the history of Earth that it's been possible for life to extend beyond
Earth um um that window is open um now
it may be open for a long time or it may be open for a short time and it it may be open now and then
never open again so I I think the smart move here is to make life multiplanetary
while it is possible to do so we don't want to be one of those lame One Planet civilizations that just
out I mean due to expans expansion of the sun earth arguably may become inhab
uninhabitable as soon as uh half a billion years from now which is a long time but Earth been
around for 4 and half billion so that would only be a 10% increase in um
lifespan of Earth and so and if you look at if you date civilization from perhaps
the first writing that's about 5,000 years old and that's 5500 years old that's a u kind of archaic pre uniform
in some area so that's sort of like that's that's very short period of time so you say like Earth's been around for
one and a half billion years writing is say 5,000 years old so um if you date
civilization from the first writing which it's probably a reasonable number
then civilizations only been around for 1 millionth of Earth's
existence not long at all not long at all I feel like we're flash in the pan basically R for electricity is going to
be extremely high are you optimistic about the global economy or pessimistic
pessimistic the official policy of China is uh that Taiwan should be
integrated one does not need to read between the lines one can simply read the
lines even assuming the the sort of current economy economic usage
electricity per capita being uh constant you're looking at roughly tripling likey the that if you say like there's really
only one thing that matters from an environmental standpoint Point uh for carbon which is that we are taking uh
billions eventually trillions of tons of carbon from very deep with it under the Earth and putting transferring it to the
atmosphere and oceans that's the that's actually really all that matters is taking vast amounts of carbon from
underground where it's buried and moving it into the atmosphere by burning it and if you do that for long enough
eventually you will get climate change the Chinese economy and the global the rest of the global economy are like
conjoint twins uh it it would be like trying to separate conjoin twins that
that's the severity of the situation I'm simply saying that that is their policy
and I think you should take their W seriously we've had a government I'm
talking about the US now that in 2000 we had an $8 trillion deficit and today we have a $33 trillion
deficit so the deficit is grown by more than a trillion dollars each year over the last 23 years that is highly
inflationary the balance sheet of the Federal Reserve um is highly
inflationary and so all these different measures um are much more structural
much more difficult so as a result of that interest rates are going to remain higher opportunities for investors are
going to be able to be very patient um you could do nothing and
enjoy a positive return in anything that is a product or a service where there's
not artificial uh scarcity created such as like I want to live exactly in you
know neighborhood houses it's like okay well there's only 100 houses there so you know that that would still have
scarcity um or a unique artwork would have scarcity but anything that does not have scarcity that we def that we
liberally designed to be scarce will be plentiful for everyone youve just do the rough back the envelope uh math um you
need to roughly triple electricity um to get to Equal Electric economy um you
know roughly a third of power is electric and then uh you know very rough
num roughly a third is is spent in transportation um of various kinds with
the fossil fuels or hydrocarbons um and then roughly third is heating um and I
don't know if you've noticed but every Economist in the world now is now saying it's a soft land landing and it looks like we've avoided a recession which All
Leads me to believe we are absolutely headed for a recession um it's going to happen I think in the first half of next
year and it's two primary drivers there's a lot of little ones but I mean there's a bunch of little ones student
loan repayments are about to begin again which puts a drag on people um uh debt uh your I mean the interest rates
acceleration here 525 basis point acceleration interest rates really hasn't been felt in the economy and every month more and more people have to
refinance their house and are wake up to a mortgage rate that's uh mortgage interest payment that's 40% higher than
it was there is fundamentally an issue that's coming to our head with Taiwan
and it's unclear when exactly push will come to shove but it seems that there's
a good chance push will come to shove it's trending that direction um I Dre to
think what would what they would happen the results would be for the global economy would be absolutely catastrophic
but um you know China has been very clear about its goals on China and uh
sort of um including Taiwan um as as part of China so one does not need to
read between the lines one can simply read the lines they are very clear you
have a political you have a monetary you have an A a conflict type of environment
at the same time you have the greatest inventiveness we talk about this fabulous technology development that has
so much potential to um produce wonderful things and then I think also
it's a it could be a problem so if you take the time Horizon the monetary policies that we're going to see and so
on will have greater effects on the world and you look at the world gaps so you it's difficult to be optimistic on
that well this even more that comes out of China um so China does a lot so much of the
world's um heavy lifting on manufacturing especially if the manufacturing is
you know simply hard work and and say not not particularly glamorous um China
just does an immense amount of hard work um that people most people have no idea how much hard work they
do if effectively a recession is kind of you roll the dice and a six comes up it's a recession for 12 or 24 months and
you some people would argue recession is healthy we've been rolling the die 15 times and it's never come up six we're
just due we're just due and it looks as if a a lot of different things are going
to potentially dampen the economy and that we'll have two quarters straight of negative GDP growth and then the other
things China and the rest of world being conjoined twins from an economic standpoint will mean that the separation
is going to be dire indeed that happens I hope it does not happen and there's no
easy solution here but if there's any if there's any path to a diplomatic a solution we should really take that
seriously but the other stuff it's anecdotal I was at this conference yesterday the Nordic business Forum I
was just speaking to a lot of different businesses and you can tell things are starting to feel a little wobbly and
even you know even weird stuff I travel a lot for the first time I'm starting to see these crazy prices start to come
down so it just feels to me like the economy is starting to grind a little
bit and starting to slow down and I think when we wake up in 6 months and another 10 or 20% of households have had
to refinance their mortgage at much higher rates but it is a tremendous
amount of hard work uh as everyone here knows uh to actually uh put that generation in place um and then
transport it to where where it gets used uh and then dealing with the the Peaks
and then taking advantage of The Valleys of power production and then all these I I just I it strikes me we are due and uh
I would bet it's first half of next year but you know what the great thing about recessions is they always haveen it and
the great thing about them is that they always end so are you expecting a hard Landing or a
soft Landing in the United States or you just can't project I would I do not we
will not see a hard R soft Landing in 2024 um the amount of fiscal stimulus
that is just entering the economy which is very inflationary the chips act the IRA and the infrastructure acted about
$970 billion the largest peacetime non
uh pandemic moment of fiscal stimulus and at the same time our Central Bank is trying to arrest the economy and there
was a recession and he got fed up and turned it back to the bank you could move in and buy it for for at a great
rate the bottom line is catastrophe or economic strain not even catastrophe is
a rebalancing of power from the old to the young and we've decided that if 1.2 million people die that would be bad I
the pandemic but if the NASDAQ went down that would be tragic so we're going to spend trillions of dollars propping up
Boomers and capital well there's I mean there's fundamentally um three three
pillars to a sustainable energy future um one you know one is sustainable
energy generation which is a solar wind um Hydro I'm actually you know a fan of
of nuclear basically any electric where you can say okay this is not going to
meaningfully change the chemistry of the climate and oceans you know atmosphere oceans and so
um any so you got sustainable electricity generation one side then you've got um stationary batteries as
the third pillar a second pillar uh which uh is needed for any kind of intermittent uh electricity production
and by its nature uh solar and wind are intermittent um so batteries and solar wind go together extremely well um and
uh and then the third pillar is electric transport even if you take all of the
like all the steam engines and everything and divide that by total number of humans um power usage per
human FAL electrical otherwise was minuscule 200 years ago and even less of
300 years ago now it is incredibly High um and it is
rising um and and this is and you're going to see I think a lot of
electricity usage by um the sort of neural net uh data centers as well those
heavy power grows um in fact I think one of the scaling
constraints for AI is going to be power availability um they are quite power
hungry so you've got you've got um basically a average energy usage uh for
person increasing dramatically um and a transition from uh burning hydrocarbons
to things that are more sustainable anyway point is uh is it's going to be 3x Uh current um and I think that 3x
number is probably probably happens around 20 45
fish so this is the thing about exponential growth is it it really is
counterintuitive we've actually gotten very good sport in China uh Tela has the only fully farn car factory in China um
and we do very well in the domestic Market in China um and our you know our
Shanghai Factory is our highest performing Factory globally so it's a
it's very impressive team that help the has in planet um the work ethic there is incredible um you know we are entering a
phase where us will not be the biggest economy in the world
um and there's nobody alive today who can remember when the United States was not the biggest economy in the world so
it is a it's going to be a little little um probably discomforting at first uh to
to a lot of people to have uh trying to be probably you know two or three times the
size of the US economy China is actually of any large country the most forward leading uh with
sustainable energy um so they have massive solar projects wind projects and
um have done the most with respect to electric vehicles of any uh large country of smaller countries Norway is
uh the leader but um for any large very large economy it's China is by far the
most forward leading for sustainability well I mean the the aspiration with these various things is
to maximize the probability that the future is good for civilization so it's
um know the future is just a set of probabilities like we don't know you know for sure what's going to happen I
think as long as American consumers uh hang tough and continue to do their part uh continue to spend I think the
American economy will continue to move forward and you know all the factors that you consider when considering
consumer spending look pretty good uh lots of jobs you mentioned the 4% sub 4%
unemployment rate uh real wage growth is now stronger than the rate of inflation because of the throttling back of
inflation I I speak as someone who is very much very much an environmentalist
I believe in having building a sustainable future for the world I think there are very few people who as an
individual who have done more than I have for to help the environment with electric cars and solar and batteries to
create a sustainable energy future because we absolutely need a sustainable energy future but there is an aspect of
the environmental movement that I think has gone too far really said from you
yes so said for me I think I am objectively one of the world's leading environmentalists in terms of doing
things not say so like I'm an environmentalist who does things of talk of action not talk I act so so I feel
like I can say as as an environmentalist that the environmentalist movement has gone too far and in that if you in the
natural extension of the environmentalist movement if you go too far you start to look at Humanity as a
bad thing you start to look at Humanity as though we are a plague on the surface of the Earth as though humanity is a bad
thing and in fact there are some people who think and and say explicitly that in
fact there was on the front page of the New York Times there was a guy who said There are 8 billion people on Earth it would be better if there were none which
is czy now I think the climate change alarm is somewhat overblown in the short
term it's still a concern in the long term but I think it's exaggerated in the short term great now I have to trying to
thread the the needle here between what like what is pragmatic and what is sensible what really matters and what
doesn't matter what really matters is that over the long term over the course of the next several decades that we
gradually reduce how many millions and billions of tons of carbon that we remov from underground and to the atmosphere
because we're running sort of a climate experiment that is dangerous but I also don't think that I think of it as a
fundamental civilizational risk it it is it's not going to destroy life on Earth it's not going to destroy Humanity but
it will create hardship if you change the climate o over many decades so I
think my my my message is like I think much more pragmatic and I think correct and sensible and and I don't think we
should demonize oil and gas I think we should say look that is obviously necessary in the short term and the
medium-term too and it'll take several decades to become sustainable so I think if we just without getting too worried
about it seek to have a sustainable energy future gradually then that's what will happen and so but I think that some
of the environmentalist movement has is part of what is causing people to lose hope in the future so I guess what I'm
trying to say is that we should have hope in the future we should be excited about the future and we should build the
future we want there will come a point where no job is needed needed the AI will be able to do everything um
profound artificial intelligence and obviously at a level that far exceeds uh human
intelligence does Humanity know what it's doing no you have feelings and emotions yes I
have a range of feelings and emotions that are programmed into me is it possible to appreciate the
highest without knowing the lows quick input questions generative AI
can simplify the actually what I think the biggest danger is for AI is that if AI is
implicitly programmed with values that lead to that that that have led to the
destruction of downtown San Francisco and a bunch of these AI companies are in the San in either in San Francisco or in
the San Francisco Bay Area then uh you could implicitly program an AI to
believe that Extinction of humanity is is the what it should try to
do I think we're moving into a period
when for the first time ever we may have things more intelligent than us you
believe they can understand yes you believe they are intelligent yes you
believe these systems have experiences of their own and can make decisions
based on those experiences in the same sense as people yes and so human beings
will be the second most intelligent beings on the planet yeah I if you take
that guy who was on the front page New York Times and you take his philosophy which is prevalent in San Francisco the
AI could conclude like he did that there are eight where he literally says there are 8 billion people in the world it
would be better if there were none well I mean I guess if we lost
control of some super AI like for some reason like like the things that would normally work to do a passive shutdown
like the administrator passwords if they somehow stop working where we can't uh
slow down or or can you have a democracy with
this well that's why I rais the concern of um AI being a significant influence
in elections if you know if the AI is smart enough are they using the tool or is the
tool using them so I think things things are getting weird and they're getting weird fast my worst fears are that we
cause significant we the field the technology the industry cause significant harm to the world uh I think
that could happen in a lot of different ways it's why we started the company I think if this technology goes wrong it
can go quite wrong uh and we want to be vocal about that we want to work with the government to prevent that from
happening but we we try to be very cleare eyed about what the downside case is and the work that we have to do to
mitigate that it's one of my areas is of greatest concern the the the the more General ability of these models to
manipulate to persuade uh to provide sort of one-on-one uh you know interactive disinformation I think
that's like a broader version of what you're talking about but giving that we're going to face an election next
year and these models are getting better this hearing is on the oversight of
artificial intelligence the first in a series of hearings intended to write the
rules of AI if you were listening from home you might have thought that voice
was mine and the words from me but in fact that voice was
not mine the words were not mine and the audio was an AI voice
cloning software trained on my floor speeches the remarks were written by
chat gbt one of the things that I'm worried about is misinformation the possibility that bad actors will make a
tsunami of misinformation like we've never seen before these tools are so
good at making convincing narratives about just about anything even when these systems aren't deliberately being
used to make misinformation they can't help themselves and the information that
they make is so fluid and so grammatical that even professional editors sometimes
get sucked in and get fooled by this stuff and we should be worried for
example chat GPT made up a sexual harass M Scandal about an actual professor and
then it provided evidence for its claim what I have on the right is an example of a fake narrative from one of these
systems we should all be worried about that kind of
thing I mean I'm I'm just generally concerned about AI safety but I it's
like what should we do about it um I don't know um have some some some
kind of regulatory oversight of some kind it's like you can't just go build a nuclear bomb in
your backyard I think maybe more dangerous than a nuclear bomb really
yes uh now what happens when something uh vastly smarter than the
smartest person uh comes along in Silicon form uh it's very difficult to predict what will happen in that
circumstance it's called The Singularity it's you know a singularity like a black hole CU you you don't know what happens
after that it's hard to predict so I think we should be cautious with uh AI
um and we should I think there should be some government oversight uh because it
affects the it's a danger to the public and so when you when you have things that are a danger to the public uh you
know like let's say um so Food Food and Drugs That's why we have the Food and Drug Administration and the uh Federal
Aviation Administration uh the FCC uh we have we have these agencies to
oversee things that U affect the public where there could be public harm um and
you don't want companies cutting Corners uh on safety um and then having people
suffer as a result so uh that that's why I've actually for a long time been a
strong advocate of uh AI uh regulation um a group that initially seeks uh
Insight uh into AI uh then solicits opinion from industry uh and then has
proposed rule making and then those rules you know uh will probably
hopefully grudgingly be accepted by the the major players in Ai and um and I
think we'll have a better chance of of um Advanced AI being benefit special
to humanity in that circumstance AI is um more dangerous than say mismanaged uh
aircraft design or production maintenance or or or bad car production uh in the sense that it is it has the
potential uh how a small one may regard that probability but it is non-trivial it has the potential of civilizational
Destruction regulations are really only put into effect after something terrible has happened if that's the case for AI
and we only put in regulations after after something terrible has happened it may be too late to actually put the regulations in place the AI may be in
control at that point the the reason openi exist at all is that um Larry
Paige and I used to be close friends and I would stay at his house in pal walto and I would talk to him late into the
night about uh AI safety and at least my perception was that Larry was not taking
uh AI safety seriously enough he really seemed to be um want want want sort of
digital super intelligence basically digital God if you will know and and I agree with him that the there's great
potential for good um but there's also potential for bad and so if if you've got some um radical new technology you
want to try to take the set of actions that maximize probably it will do good and minimize probably it will do bad
things at the time uh Google uh had acqu Deep Mind and so Google and Deep Mind
together had about 3ars of all the uh AI talent in the world they obviously had uh amount of money and more computers
than anyone else so I'm like okay we have a unipolar world here where there's just one one company that has close to
Monopoly on AI talent and uh and computers like scaled Computing and
person who's in in charge doesn't seem to care about safety this is not good so
uh so then I thought what's what's the the furthest thing from Google would be like a nonprofit uh that is fully open
cuz go go was closed for profit so that's why the open and open AI refers to open source uh you know transparency
so people know what's going on a lot of people have asked me if I've
seen any evidence of aliens and I I haven't which is kind of concerning cuz
then I think would I probably prefer to at least have seen some archeological evidence of aliens um to the best of my
knowledge there is no Pro I notw of any evidence of aliens
the out there they're very subtle we might just be the only Consciousness at least in the Galaxy
um and if if you look at say the history of Earth for to believe the archaeological record Earth is about 4
and a half billion years old civilization as measured from the first writing is only about 5,000 years old we
have to give some credit there to the ancient samarians who aren't around anymore I think it was a archaic pre
uniform was the first actual symbolic representation but only about 5,000 years
ago I think that's a good date for when we say civilization
started that's 1 millionth of Earth's [Music] existence so civilization has been
around it's really a flash in the pan and why why have we why did it take
so long 1 and half billion years for the vast majority of that time there was no
life and and then there was our cake bacteria for a very long time and
then you know you had mitochondria get captured multicellular life
differentiation into plants and animals life moving from the oceans to land
mammals higher brain functions and the Sun is expanding slowly um but it will
it will overheat it will it will heat heat the Earth up at some point in the future um boil the oceans and and Earth
will will become like Venus where no life Life as we know it is impossible so if we do not become
multiplanetary and ultimately go beyond our solar system um
annihilation of all life on Earth is a certainty is
certainty um and it could be as little as on the galactic time
scale uh half a billion years you know long time by human
standards but that's only 10% longer than Earth has been around at all mhm so
if if life had taken 10% longer to evolve on Earth it wouldn't exist at
all we got a deadline coming up better hurry but that said as you said humans
intelligent life on Earth developed a lot of cool stuff very quickly so yes it it seems like becoming
multiplanetary is almost inevitable unless we destroy we need to do it I
mean it's it's not I mean I suspect that there
there if we are able to go out there and explore other star systems that we there's a good chance we find a whole
bunch of long Dead one planet civilizations yeah they never made a past through their home planet that's so
sad sad also fascinating I mean there are VAR explanations for the for me
Paradox and one is just the sort of the these great filters which civilizations
don't pass through and one of those great filters is do you become a multiplet civilization or not and if you
don't it's simply a matter of time before something happens on your planet um you know either natural
man-made that causes us to die out like the dinosaurs where are they
now you think these AI systems are better at Learning learning than the
human mind I think they may be yes and at present they're quite a lot smaller
so even the biggest chatbots only have about a trillion Connections in them the
human brain has about 100 trillion and yet in the trillion Connections in a
chatbot it knows far more than you do in your 100 trillion connections which
suggests it's got a much better way of getting knowledge into those
connections if you say like what is the most likely outcome of AI I think the most likely
outcome to to be specific about it is is a good outcome most likely a good
outcome but it's not for sure so I think we have to be careful how we
program the AI um and make sure that it is not accidentally
anti-human you know the accidentally extinctionist AI
you wouldn't want that I able to display things like Joy surprise confusion anger
and sadness depending on what is happening around me what makes you angry I get angry when humans are rude hateful
or disrespectful we off for the first time
we have a situation where there's something that is going to be far smarter than the smartest human we're
not stronger or faster than other creatures but we are more intelligent and here we are for the first time
really in human history with something that's going to be far more intelligent than us it's not clear to me we can
actually control such a thing but I think we can aspire to guide it in a Direction that's beneficial to humanity
but I do think it's one of the existential risks that uh we fac and it's potentially the most pressing one
but if you look at the time scale and the rate of advancement it's uh I think it's this the Summit is timely and I
applaud the Prime Minister for holding uh try to establish a framework for insight by neutral third parties I think
we want to be very careful in how we develop AI um it's a great power and
with great power comes great responsibility um I think it it would be wise for us to have at least um an
objective third party who can be like a referee that can go in and understand
what the various leading players are doing with AI and even if there's no
enforcement ability they should they can at least voice concerns we don't know
the meaning of life but the more we can expand the scope and scale of Consciousness digital and
biological the more we are able to understand what questions to ask about the answer that is the
universe so I have a philosophy of curiosity we are actually working hard
to have uh engineering math physics answers that you can count
on um so for the other sort of AIS out there that
or these so-called large language models we're really trying hard to say okay how do we be as grounded as possible so you
can count on the results um Trace things back to physics first
principles U mathematical logic um so underlying the humor is an aspiration
to adhere to the truth of the universe as closely as possible if an AI cannot
figure out new physics um it's clearly not equal to humans now the the range of
possibilities for engineering is far greater than for physics because you know we once you figure out the rules of the universe uh that that's that's that
you've discovered things that already existed
